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±¹Á¦¿©¼ºÁ¤Ä¡¿¬±¸ÀÚ·á(2010. °Ü¿ïƯÁý)
2010. 12. 14
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Encouraging Girls to Consider a Career in ICT: A Review of
Strategies  
     
Author(s): Miliszewska, Iwona; Moore, Aidan
Source: Journal of Information Technology Education, v9 pIIP-143-IIP-166 2010
Pub Date: 2010-00-00
Pub Type(s): Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative

abstract:
This article reviews strategies designed to improve female participation in ICT studies and careers. In reviewing a range of strategies from around the world, the article identifies the different actors engaging with the "problem" of girls and technology. It points to the many crossovers that occur as governments, higher education providers, industry, and the voluntary sector complement each other in their search for effective solutions to a dilemma that is increasingly recognised as being much more complex than a simple dichotomy of gender and technology. The particular milieu for which this review has been conducted--an educationally and otherwise disadvantaged area of Melbourne, Australia--is reflected in identification of strategies specifically focused on girls and women with low socio-economic status (SES) and students exposed to educational disadvantage. The first section of this article--an introduction to and overview of the global problem of female under-representation in ICT--provides a context in which the problem, as it exists in Australia, may be understood. Section two consists of four sub-sections in which various types of intervention strategies are described. The sub-sections: Government/Policy-Driven Activity, Education Institutions/Research Activity, Industry Groups, and Voluntary Initiatives indicate the breadth of effort being employed in pursuit of solutions to the "problem" of girls and technology. They point also to considerable overlaps in design, delivery, and results, and illuminate many of the problems encountered along the way. The third and final section of this article discusses the pros and cons of the various types of approach, comparing and contrasting the efforts of government, educational institutions, industry-based groups, and voluntary initiatives in their search for successful and sustainable ways of attracting girls to ICT studies and careers. This article brings together in one place a variety of strategies aimed at improving female participation in ICT studies. In doing so, it highlights the difficulty of one-size-fits-all approaches and illuminates the importance of front and back-end processes to the delivery of successful programs. It demonstrates that for those designing programs capable of attracting girls to ICT, failing to prepare is preparing to fail. (Contains 5 footnotes.)

 http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/simpleSearch.jsp?_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_Related_0=EJ898368

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Why Don't Young People Want to become Engineers? Rational Reasons for Disappointing Decisions      
Author(s): Becker, Frank Stefan
Source: European Journal of Engineering Education, v35 n4 p349-366 Aug 2010
Pub Date: 2010-08-00
Pub Type(s): ournal Articles; Reports - Descriptive

Abstract:
The quest for engineers during the past boom and predictions of future shortages have focused attention on the low enrolment figures in science and technology (S&T) subjects. Normally, it is assumed that young people shy away from "tough majors" or make irrational choices, based on an absence of information. While not denying the fundamental necessity that a higher proportion of the population should have a background in S&T, this paper pursues a different approach. Only by identifying potentially valid reasons for the lack of interest in S&T will it be possible to change not just some "misguided" perceptions among the younger generation, but to categorise the facts and make targeted recommendations for necessary changes. Therefore, this article will discuss the importance of image and status, the influence of society and peer groups, as well as financial rewards and career aspects. It will be shown that the universally observable trend away from S&T is not due to a dislike of technology on the part of the younger generation, but is caused by the fact that careers in this field do not seem attractive enough, especially in comparison with alternatives available in developed countries. Some recommendations to improve this situation are offered. (Contains 1 table and 14 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software.

http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/simpleSearch.jsp?_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_Related_0=EJ895865

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Girls' and Women's Education within Unesco and the World Bank, 1945-2000  
       
Author(s): Peppin Vaughan, Rosie
Source: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, v40 n4 p405-423 Jul 2010
Pub Date: 2010-07-00
Pub Type(s): Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
 
Abstract:
By 2000, girls' and women's education was a priority for international development organisations. While studies have examined the impact of recent campaigns and programmes, there has been less exploration of ideas about girls' and women's education within development thought in the immediate post-colonial period, and the political mechanisms through which this came to be a global concern. Through a study of policy documents, this paper investigates how the education of girls and women came to be prioritised within the two principle UN agencies involved with education since 1945, the World Bank and Unesco. A shift in priorities is evident, from ensuring formal rights and improving the status of women, to expanding the productive capacities of women, fertility control and poverty reduction. While the ascendance of human capital theory provided a space for a new perception of the role of women's education in development, in other policy arenas women's education was central to exploring more substantive, rights-based notions of gender equality. Ultimately, the goal of improving girls' and women's education fitted into diverse development agendas, paving the way for it to become a global development priority. (Contains 2 tables and 15 notes.)

http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/simpleSearch.jsp?_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_Related_0=EJ895865

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Mona Lena Krook. Quotas for Women in Politics: Gender and Candidate Selection Reform Worldwide

Á¦¾î¹øÈ£ : 54800481
ÀúÀÚ¸í : Gray, T.
ÇмúÁö¸í : Journal of politics
±ÇÈ£»çÇ× : Vol.72 No.4 [2010]
¹ßÇàó : Cambridge University Press
ÀÚ·áÀ¯Çü : ÇмúÀú³Î

http://www.riss.kr/link?id=O54800481  
±¹³»¿©¼ºÁ¤Ä¡¿¬±¸ÀÚ·á(2010.°Ü¿ï ƯÁý) ±¹Á¦ ¿©¼ºÁ¤Ä¡ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ·á July-2010